Why might a preterm newborn with necrotizing enterocolitis experience abdominal distention?

• A. Excessive fluid intake
• B. Food does not pass through intestines
• C. Increased gas production
• D. Skin infections

Answer: (B)

A preterm newborn with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) might experience abdominal distention primarily due to the inability of food to pass through the intestines. NEC is an inflammatory condition that can lead to the death of intestinal tissue, causing obstruction and dysfunction in the gastrointestinal tract. When the intestines are damaged or inflamed, they may not be able to effectively move food and waste through the digestive system. This lack of movement can result in a buildup of gas and fluids, leading to noticeable abdominal swelling.

While excessive fluid intake, increased gas production, and skin infections can have their own implications, the primary mechanism for the abdominal distention in the context of NEC is due to the obstruction and impaired passage of contents through the intestines. This condition is critical to monitor in premature infants as it can lead to further complications if not addressed.