What type of treatment is erythromycin when used on newborns?

• A. Oral antibiotic
• B. Injected antibiotic
• C. Topical antibiotic
• D. Eye drops or ointment

Answer: (D)

Erythromycin, when used on newborns, is typically administered as eye drops or ointment. This application is primarily for the prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum, an eye infection that can occur in newborns. The use of erythromycin in this way effectively helps to combat potential bacterial infections caused by organisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, which can be transmitted from the mother during childbirth.

The choice of topical administration directly targets the eyes, providing localized treatment while minimizing systemic exposure. This is particularly important for newborns, as their developing systems are more vulnerable to the side effects of orally or injected antibiotics. The method of administration ensures that the medication is delivered precisely where it is needed, thus enhancing its effectiveness in preventing infections.