What condition is defined by high blood pressure during pregnancy without protein in the urine?

• A. Gestational diabetes
• B. Gestational hypertension
• C. Preeclampsia
• D. Eclampsia

Answer: (B)

Gestational hypertension is a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure that occurs during pregnancy, specifically after the 20th week, without the presence of protein in the urine. This condition can arise in otherwise healthy pregnant women and distinguishes itself from other hypertensive disorders in pregnancy by the absence of proteinuria (the presence of protein in the urine).

Understanding gestational hypertension is important because, while it may not initially pose an immediate risk to the mother or the fetus, it can progress to more serious conditions like preeclampsia or eclampsia if not monitored and managed appropriately. Maintaining awareness of blood pressure changes during pregnancy is crucial for ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the baby.

In contrast, gestational diabetes involves abnormal glucose levels, while preeclampsia is marked by hypertension coupled with protein in the urine, and eclampsia is the severe form of preeclampsia that includes seizures. Thus, the definition of gestational hypertension specifically aligns with the absence of proteinuria, making it the correct choice in this context.