True or false: The umbilical cord has one vein and two arteries.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. It varies between babies
• D. Only in female infants

Answer: (A)

The statement is true; the umbilical cord typically contains one vein and two arteries. This structure is important for fetal development and function. The umbilical vein is responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, providing essential nutrients and oxygen necessary for growth and development. Meanwhile, the two umbilical arteries transport deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus back to the placenta. This arrangement ensures the fetus receives the proper resources while removing waste effectively.

Understanding the anatomy of the umbilical cord is crucial in maternity care as it highlights the unique physiological adaptations during pregnancy. The consistency in having one vein and two arteries applies to almost all infants, thus reinforcing the statement's accuracy. The variations proposed in other choices do not reflect the established anatomical norm in human embryology.